(s)kē̆ p-2, (s)kō̆ p- and (s)kā̆ p-; (s)kē̆ b(h)-, skob(h)- and skā̆ b(h)-

    (s)kē̆ p-2, (s)kō̆ p- and (s)kā̆ p-; (s)kē̆ b(h)-, skob(h)- and skā̆ b(h)-

    English meaning: to work with a sharp instrument

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “with scharfem Werkzeug schneiden, spalten”

    Material: A. Forms in -b: (there are listed here only the definite Gmc. forms; Lat. and Bal.- Slav. with b see by the root form in bh); skab- “ form carving “. Goth. gaskapjan st. V. “make”, O.Ice. skepja, O.E. scieppan, O.H.G. scepfen, M.H.G. schepfen, from which Ger. schöpfen; to preterit M.H.G. schuof, participle “ geschaffen = created “ would create a new present ‘schaffen = make, create”, as Swe. skapa, Dan. scabe; deverbative ō-verbs are O.Ice. aschw. skapa “ make, furnish, found, install “, O.H.G. scaffōn “ build, effectuate “ (Wissmann nom. postverb. 73); O.E. ge-sceap n. ‘shape, creature”, O.S. gi-scapu pl. n. “fate, destiny”; O.Ice. skap n. “ shape, mood “ etc.; -skapr e.g. in vin-skapr “ friendship”; O.H.G. scaf m. “ shape, structure “, -scaf and -scaft f., Ger. - schaft; WestGmc. *skap n. “(engraved) vessel” in: O.S. skap n. “ Schaff, ship”, O.H.G. skaf “vessel, Schaff “, whereof scepfen “ draw up, draw out, draw; remove, take out, take away; drain dry, empty out “ (after scepfen “ bring forth, produce, make, create, beget, give origin to “ early with strong inflection); diminutive O.S. skepil, O.H.G. skeffil “ bushel “; ablaut. M.L.G. schōpe “ scoop “, M.H.G. schuofe f. “ Schöpfgefäß “. B. forms auf -bh: (including Lat. and Bal.-Slav. forms with zweideutigem -b-). Lat. scabō, -ere, scübī ‘scrape, scratch, rub”, scůbiēs f. “ scab, mange, itch; roughness; itching desire; mange “, scaber “rough, scabby “; with o: scobis f. “ filings, chips, shavings, sawdust “, scobīna “ file, rasp “; M.Ir. (s)cīp (with bb) “hand” (expressive gemination); Goth. skaban ‘scrape, shave, shear”, O.Ice. skafa ‘scrape, scratch, scrape”, O.E. scafan ds. (O.Ice. O.E. preterit skōf, as Lat. scübī); and. scaban ‘scrape, scratch, cut (hair), clip”, O.H.G. scaba “ plane “, O.Ice. skafa “ rasper “; O.Ice. skabb, O.E. sceabb “ scabies “, M.H.G. schebīc “ scabby, measly “, older Ger. Schäbe “ scabies “, and. scavatho “ mange; scabies “; Ice. skōfir f. pl. “ scrape, singed crust “, M.L.G. schōve (and schōpe) f. “ scale, husk “, O.H.G. schuoppa ds.; Ltv. skabrs (= Lat. scaber) ‘splitterig, sharp”, skabrums “ sharpness, scabrousness “, Lith. skabùs ‘sharp, incisive”, skabù, -e ́ti “cut, clip, hew, hit “, skóbti “hollow out”, nuskóbti “ pick “, skóbas, Ltv. skübs ‘sour” (*’sharp, incisive”); O.C.S. skoblь “ rasper”, Russ. skóbelь “ plane “; after Machek Slavia 16, 208 f. here O.C.S. chabъ “evil, bad”, chabiti ‘spoil”. C. forms auf -p: Pers. küfaδ, küvaδ “ burrows, digs, splits “, küf “cleft, fissure”, šiküftan ‘split”; Alb. kep “ hew stones, cut out “ (IE *kopō or *kapō), wherefore kmesë, këmés, kamés f. “hack, mattock, hoe, scythe, pruning knife” (*kapneti̯ü), sqep “ angle, bill, beak, neb”; Maybe Alb. (*kaponti̯ü) gabonja, shqiponja, shkaba “ eagle “ : sqep “ beak of the eagle “, shqipta, shqip “ clear, sharp (language) “, shqiptonj “ speak clearly, divide words “, shqep “ (*split), rip, tear; unpick “ : qep ‘sew” Gk. σκέπαρνος, -ον “hatchet zum Behauen of Holzes”, σκόπελος m. “ lookoutplace: hence peak, headland, promontory; cliff, rock “ (Ven. *skopelo-); κόπτω “hit, haue; belästige, ermũde”, κόπος m. “blow, knock”, κοπάζω “ermũde”, κόπις “(ermũdender) babbler “, κοπίς, -ίδος f. ‘schlachtmesser”, κοπεύς m. “chisel”, κόπανον “hatchet, Mörserstößel”, κοπάς, -άδος “beschnitten”, κόμμα n. “ incision, break, section”; with avocalism: σκάπτω “grabe, hacke”, σκαπάνη “hack, mattock, hoe, Grabscheit”, (σ)κάπετος “ditch, trench, channel, grave, pit, pothole”; durchEntgleisung after θάπτω : τάφος also forms with φ: ἐσκάφην, σκάφος “das ditch, trench, channel, grave”, σκάφη, σκαφίς f., σκάφιον n. “Wanne, trough, trough”, σκάφος ‘schiffsbauch”; Ven. (Illyr.?) FlN *Skopelantia ‘schefflenz” (Baden): Gk. σκόπελος (Krahe PBB. 69, 486 ff.); Lat. capō, capus “Kapaun” (“verschnitten”, compare O.Bulg. skopьcь), because of the romO.N. Abkömmlinge (Ital. cappone etc.) more properly (with expressive pp): cappō; cappulüre “zerhauen”, concipilüre “in kleine Stũcke zerhauen”; Lat. a places eine ü̆-root skü̆ p- ahead; also Lat. scapulae ‘scapula, shoulder”, Umbr. scapla ‘scapulam” (from the Verwendung as Grabscheit or shovel); Gaul.-rom. capanna “cottage” (: Serb. kòpa “barn, haystack”), probably Ven.-Illyr. element in Gallischen; Gmc. *hēbjō besides *habbō with expressive gemination, also *habjō: O.H.G. hü̆ bba, hü̆ ppa, heppa, M.Lat. hapia, M.H.G. happe, heppe ‘scythe, pruning knife, Sichelmesser”; balto-Slav. skē̆ pa- m. “etwas Abgespaltenes” in: Ltv. šḱ ę ̀ ps ‘spear, javelin, spit, pike”, šḱ ẽ pele f. “abgeschnittenes Stũck Holz”; ablaut. Lith. skãpsnė f. ‘stũck Stoff”; O.C.S. štapъ (*skēpos), Sloven. ščá p ‘stick”, Russ. ščap “Anhieb (eines Baumes”), Russ. ščepá “chip of wood”, ščepá tь, ščepí tь ‘split”, O.C.S. skopьcь “Verschnittener” (Ger. Lw. Schöps), skopiti “verschneiden”; Lith. skãplis “Hohlaxt”, skãptas “krummes Schnitzmesser”, skopiù, skõpti “with dem knife aushöhlen”, skoptùvas “Hohlmesser”; maybe Alb. (*skop) shkop ‘stick” Lith. kapóti, Ltv. kapât “hacken, hew, hit”, Lith. kapõnė, Ltv. kapüns “Hackmesser”, Lith. kaplỹs “hack, mattock, hoe, Eisaxt”, Ltv. kaplis “hack, mattock, hoe”, Lith. kãpas, Ltv. kaps “grave(hũgel)”, O.Pruss. enkopts “bury”; O.C.S. kopajǫ, kopati “dig”, vъkopati “bury”, Serb. kòpa “barn, haystack, heap”, Bulg. kopá ds., etc.; O.C.S. kopьje “Lanze”; probably Slav. *čepъ “*abgeschnittener bough”, in Russ. dial. čopъ “twig, branch of grapevine, Rebe”, bg. čep “bough”, Ser.-Cr. čȅ pur “ stalk, stem of a plant “ under likewise; perhaps belongs die family *küp- ‘stũck Land” and *kap-ut “head” (above S. 529 f.), here, further probably die consecutive words for ‘stick, staff”: Gk. σκη̃πτρον ‘staff”, Dor. σκᾶπτον ds. = Ion. *σκῆπτον in σκηπτοῦχος “zeptertragend”, σκᾶπος κλάδος Hes., σκηπάνη ‘staff, Szepter”, Hom. σκηπάνιον ds. = Dor. σκᾱπάνιον Hes.; σκήπτω ‘stũtze, swing, brandish with power “, intr. and med. ‘sich stũtzen; sich with Kraft auf etwas throw”, σκηπτός ‘sudden niederfahrender whirlwind, Wetterstrahl, misfortune”; Lat. scüpus ‘schaft, Stiel, Stengel, stem”, scōpa f. “dũnner twig, branch, Reis”, pl. “Reisigbesen”, scōpiō, -ōnis m. “the Stiel, an dem die Beeren the grape hängen; stem of Spargels”, scōpus ds.; O.H.G. skaft ‘schaft, spear, javelin”, O.S. skaft ‘spear, javelin”, Dutch schacht “Federkiel, Lanzenschaft”, O.E. sceaft m., O.Ice. skapt n. ‘schaft, shaft, pole, spear, javelin”.

    References: WP. II 559 ff., WH. I 161 f., II 484 f., 489 f., Trautmann 117, 262, 265.